Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb rau cov silicone duav pads

1. Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig rau cov ntaub qhwv silicone duav

1.1 Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv tebchaws
Kuv lub teb chaws cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig rau cov khoom silicone tab tom ua kom nruj dua los tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig. Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub qhwv silicone, cov qauv hauv qab no feem ntau yog ua raws li:
GB/T 2912.1-2009 "Cov ntaub - Kev txiav txim siab ntawm formaldehyde Ntu 1: Dawb thiab hydrolyzed formaldehyde (txoj kev rho tawm dej)": qhia txog txoj kev rau kev txiav txim siab cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde hauvsilicone duav pads, xav kom cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv kom tiv thaiv kev tso tawm ntawm formaldehyde los ntawm kev ua rau lub cev tib neeg raug mob. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde ntawm silicone duav pads rau cov menyuam mos yuav tsum tau tswj hwm nruj me ntsis ntawm qib qis heev vim tias cov menyuam mos muaj daim tawv nqaij mos thiab rhiab heev rau formaldehyde.
GB/T 17592-2011 "Cov Ntaub - Kev Txiav Txim Siab ntawm cov xim azo txwv tsis pub siv": txwv tsis pub siv cov xim lossis cov khoom ntxiv uas muaj cov xim azo txwv tsis pub siv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Cov xim azo yuav lwj thiab tsim cov tshuaj carcinogenic aromatic amines nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej. Tus qauv no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsis tso cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum siv, tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv.
GB/T 18401-2010 "Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Nyab Xeeb Hauv Tebchaws rau Cov Khoom Siv Textile": Cov kev cai nruj ntawm tus nqi pH, cov xim carcinogenic aromatic amine uas lwj tau, cov hlau hnyav thiab lwm yam cim qhia ntawm cov ntaub qhwv silicone. Piv txwv li, tus nqi pH yuav tsum tau tswj hwm hauv qhov ntau ntawm cov kua qaub tsis muaj zog uas haum rau tib neeg daim tawv nqaij kom tsis txhob khaus rau daim tawv nqaij; cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hnyav xws li txhuas thiab cadmium yuav tsum tau tswj hwm nruj me ntsis hauv qhov ntau ntawm kev nyab xeeb kom tiv thaiv cov hlau hnyav nkag mus rau hauv tib neeg lub cev los ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv.

1.2 Cov Txheej Txheem Thoob Ntiaj Teb Txog Kev Tiv Thaiv Ib Puag Ncig
Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb rau cov ntaub qhwv silicone kuj nruj heev, feem ntau yog xa mus rau cov qauv hauv qab no:
Txoj Cai REACH ntawm EU: Yuav tsum muaj kev soj ntsuam nruj thiab kev sau npe ntawm cov tshuaj siv hauv kev tsim cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Txoj cai no suav nrog kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj los ntawm kev yuav khoom siv raw mus rau kev tsim khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tsis muaj cov tshuaj uas ua rau tib neeg lub cev thiab ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Piv txwv li, qee cov phthalates tau teev tseg ua cov tshuaj uas muaj kev txhawj xeeb siab, thiab cov chaw tsim khoom siv silicone yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov tshuaj no tsis muaj nyob hauv lawv cov khoom kom ua raws li REACH cov cai.
ASTM F963 "Tus Qauv Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Ua Si" hauv Tebchaws Meskas: Txawm hais tias nws yog tsom rau cov khoom ua si, cov kev cai ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv, cov khoom me me, kev ua haujlwm kub hnyiab, thiab lwm yam kuj siv tau rau cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Piv txwv li, nws hais tias kev ua haujlwm kub hnyiab ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum ua tau raws li qee cov qauv kom tiv thaiv cov khoom los ntawm kev ua rau hluav taws thaum siv, thiab tib lub sijhawm hais txog qhov loj me thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom me me kom tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij ntawm kev tuag tes tuag taw los ntawm cov menyuam yaus nqos cov khoom me me los ntawm kev ua yuam kev.
OEKO-TEX® Tus Qauv 100: Nws yog tus qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thoob ntiaj teb uas txwv tsis pub muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Tus qauv no suav nrog ntau yam tshuaj lom xws li formaldehyde, cov hlau hnyav, cov xim carcinogenic, cov xim allergenic, thiab lwm yam, thiab yuav tsum tau kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv cov khoom yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv nruj. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj lom hauv cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone uas tau ntawv pov thawj los ntawm OEKO-TEX® Tus Qauv 100 qis dua qib uas ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj, muab rau cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab zoo dua rau ib puag ncig.

2. Kev faib tawm ntawm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntaub qhwv silicone ntawm lub duav

2.1 Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev
Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev rau cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv, qhov loj me, lub zog thiab lwm yam ntawm cov khoom kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom thaum siv ib txwm.
Qhov Loj thiab Duab: Raws li cov qauv tseem ceeb, qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum ua raws li cov ntsiab cai ergonomic kom haum rau cov neeg siv ntawm ntau lub hnub nyoog thiab lub cev zoo li cas. Piv txwv li, qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone rau cov menyuam mos yuav tsum nruab nrab, uas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus menyuam lub pob tw yam tsis ua rau lub cev ntawm tus menyuam muaj kev nyuaj siab. Rau cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone rau cov neeg laus, lawv qhov loj yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv mus sij hawm ntev thaum ua kom tus neeg siv xis nyob. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv kuj tseem hais tias cov npoo ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum du thiab tsis muaj cov ces kaum ntse kom tsis txhob khawb lossis txiav rau tus neeg siv.
Lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov: Cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum muaj lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov txaus los tiv taus qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg siv thiab cov zog sab nraud xws li kev sib txhuam thiab kev rho tawm hauv kev siv txhua hnub. Cov qauv cuam tshuam xav tau tias cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone tuaj yeem tswj lawv cov duab thiab kev ua tau zoo hauv qab kev siv ib txwm tsis muaj kev tawg, kev hloov pauv lossis kev puas tsuaj. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev sim lub zog tensile, nws tau teev tseg tias lub zog tensile ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum ncav cuag qee qhov txiaj ntsig kom ntseeg tau tias qhov ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom thaum siv ntev. Tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv kuj teev tseg qhov kev tiv thaiv kev hnav thiab kev tiv thaiv kev laus ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, xav kom cov khoom tswj nws cov khoom siv rau ib lub sijhawm yam tsis muaj kev hnav lossis laus pom tseeb.
Kev Ruaj Ntseg thiab tiv thaiv kev plam: Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau lub pob tw silicone kom tsis txhob swb lossis txav thaum siv, cov qauv tseem ceeb tau teev tseg nws qhov ruaj khov. Piv txwv li, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom hauv qab ntawm lub pob tw silicone yuav tsum muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev plam, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ntxiv cov qauv tiv thaiv kev plam lossis siv cov ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv kev plam. Tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv kuj tau teev tseg qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ruaj khov ntawm lub pob tw silicone hauv ntau qhov chaw siv sib txawv, xws li nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nyob ruaj khov ntawm cov chaw ntub dej lossis du kom tiv thaiv cov neeg siv kom tsis txhob plam lossis poob.

2.2 Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg
Cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ib qho ntawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb cuam tshuam txwv tsis pub muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb rau tib neeg lub cev thiab ib puag ncig.
Kev txwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg: Raws li cov qauv hauv tsev thiab thoob ntiaj teb, cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg xws li formaldehyde, cov hlau hnyav, cov xim carcinogenic, cov xim allergenic, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, kuv lub teb chaws GB / T 18401-2010 "Lub Tebchaws Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb rau Cov Khoom Siv Textile" qhia meej txog qhov txwv ntawm cov hlau hnyav hauv cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, xav kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hnyav xws li cov hlau lead thiab cadmium yuav tsum tsis pub dhau qhov kev nyab xeeb uas tau teev tseg. Tib lub sijhawm, EU cov cai REACH kuj tseem soj ntsuam nruj thiab sau npe cov tshuaj siv hauv kev tsim cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau tib neeg lub cev thiab ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb xws li OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 kuj tseem tso cai rau cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, xav kom cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tshuaj no hauv cov khoom yuav tsum tsis pub dhau qhov kev txwv nruj uas tau teev tseg.
Cov pa phem ntawm cov organic compound (VOC): Cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone tuaj yeem tso tawm cov organic compounds (VOCs) thaum siv, uas ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig puas tsuaj. Yog li ntawd, cov qauv tseem ceeb muaj cov kev cai nruj heev rau kev tso tawm VOC los ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Piv txwv li, nws tau teev tseg tias VOC emission ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj qhov txwv tau teev tseg kom txo cov teebmeem tsis zoo rau huab cua hauv tsev thiab kev noj qab haus huv tib neeg. Tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv kuj xav kom cov chaw tsim khoom siv cov kev ntsuas zoo hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom txo tau qhov tsim thiab tso tawm ntawm VOCs, xws li siv cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
Cov khoom siv raw zoo: Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau silicone lub duav pads yog ncaj qha cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Cov qauv cuam tshuam muaj cov cai nruj ntawm kev yuav khoom thiab siv cov khoom siv raw rau silicone lub duav pads, xav kom cov chaw tsim khoom siv cov khoom siv raw uas ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, nws tau teev tseg tias cov khoom siv silicone raw yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg uas ua rau tib neeg lub cev, xws li qee yam phthalates. Tib lub sijhawm, tus qauv kuj xav kom cov chaw tsim khoom ua qhov kev sim nruj thiab kev tswj hwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm cov qauv cuam tshuam. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau cov khoom siv raw xa tuaj, lawv kuj yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv thiab cov cai hauv kuv lub tebchaws.

3. Txoj kev kuaj xyuas zoo rau cov ntaub qhwv silicone ntawm lub duav

3.1 Cov txheej txheem kuaj ib puag ncig
Cov txheej txheem kuaj ib puag ncig rau cov ntaub qhwv silicone yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua tau raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig, thiab feem ntau suav nrog cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:
Kev kuaj cov khoom siv raw: Ua ntej tsim khoom, cov khoom siv silicone raw raug kuaj xyuas nruj me ntsis, thiab cov khoom kuaj suav nrog cov hlau hnyav thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo (xws li phthalates, formaldehyde, thiab lwm yam). Piv txwv li, raws li GB / T 18401-2010 "National Basic Safety Technical Specifications for Textile Products", cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau hnyav xws li cov hlau lead thiab cadmium hauv cov khoom siv raw raug kuaj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov ntsiab lus nyob hauv qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tib lub sijhawm, cov khoom siv siab heev xws li roj chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) siv los ntes seb cov khoom siv raw puas muaj cov xim azo txwv, yog li tswj tau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw.
Kev saib xyuas cov txheej txheem ntau lawm: Thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab ib puag ncig raug saib xyuas kom tiv thaiv kev tsim thiab kev ua qias tuaj ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Piv txwv li, xyuas seb cov xim thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv siv hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom puas ua tau raws li cov qauv ib puag ncig, xyuas kom meej tias qhov chaw tsim khoom muaj cua zoo, thiab txo qhov kev sib sau ua ke ntawm cov pa phem. Tib lub sijhawm, cov dej khib nyiab thiab cov pa pov tseg hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom raug kho thiab saib xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias lawv cov pa phem ua tau raws li cov kev cai ib puag ncig.
Kev sim khoom tiav lawm: Kev sim khoom tiav lawm yog ua tiav rau ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone tom qab tsim tawm. Cov khoom sim suav nrog formaldehyde emission, cov hlau hnyav, volatile organic compound (VOC) emission, thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, siv formaldehyde kuaj, txoj kev rho dej yog siv raws li tus qauv GB/T 2912.1-2009 "Textiles - Kev Txiav Txim Siab ntawm Formaldehyde Ntu 1: Dawb thiab Hydrolyzed Formaldehyde (Txoj Kev Rho Dej)" kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde ntawm cov khoom ua tau raws li qhov txwv tshwj xeeb. Rau kev sim VOC emission, txoj kev kuaj ib puag ncig yog siv los sim VOC emission ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone hauv lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias, av noo thiab cua nkag kom ntseeg tau tias nws qis dua qhov txwv tshwj xeeb hauv cov qauv cuam tshuam.
Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj thiab Daim Ntawv Sau Npe: Cov khoom uas tau dhau qhov kev sim ib puag ncig tuaj yeem thov rau daim ntawv pov thawj ib puag ncig, xws li daim ntawv pov thawj OEKO-TEX® Standard 100. Cov khoom tau ntawv pov thawj tuaj yeem cim nrog lub logo ntawv pov thawj sib xws ntawm cov khoom ntim lossis daim ntawv lo kom muab rau cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev lees paub zoo ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone uas tau dhau daim ntawv pov thawj OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 qhia tias lawv cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo qis dua qib uas ua rau lub cev tib neeg puas tsuaj, thiab cov neeg siv khoom tuaj yeem yuav thiab siv lawv nrog kev ntseeg siab.

3.2 Kev Ntsuas Kev Nyab Xeeb
Kev ntsuam xyuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov neeg siv khoom noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb, thiab feem ntau suav nrog cov kev ntsuam xyuas hauv qab no:
Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev:
Kev ntsuas qhov loj thiab cov duab: Siv cov cuab yeej ntsuas kom raug qhov loj ntawm lub duav silicone kom paub tseeb tias nws puas ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ergonomic tsim. Piv txwv li, rau cov duav silicone rau cov menyuam mos, ntsuas lawv qhov ntev, dav thiab tuab kom ntseeg tau tias lawv qhov loj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus menyuam lub pob tw thiab yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev nyuaj rau tus menyuam lub cev. Tib lub sijhawm, xyuas seb cov npoo ntawm cov khoom puas du thiab tsis muaj cov ces kaum ntse. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev sim tactile thiab kev tshuaj xyuas pom yog siv los xyuas kom meej tias cov npoo tsis muaj burrs lossis cov ces kaum ntse kom tsis txhob khawb lossis txiav rau tus neeg siv.
Kev sim lub zog thiab kev ua kom ruaj khov: Ua qhov kev sim lub zog tensile, muab cov qauv silicone hip pad rau hauv lub tshuab sim tensile, ncab nws raws li qhov ceev tensile thiab cov xwm txheej teev tseg hauv cov qauv cuam tshuam, thiab sau nws cov nqi tensile kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tuaj yeem tiv taus tus neeg siv qhov hnyav thiab cov zog sab nraud hauv kev siv txhua hnub yam tsis tawg hauv cov xwm txheej siv ib txwm muaj. Tib lub sijhawm, kev sim tiv thaiv kev hnav khaub ncaws raug nqa tawm. Lub tshuab sim hnav khaub ncaws raug siv los ua qauv kev sib txhuam hauv kev siv txhua hnub. Tom qab qee qhov kev sib txhuam raug nqa tawm ntawm qhov chaw ntawm silicone hip pad, qhov hnav khaub ncaws saum npoo raug kuaj xyuas kom ntsuas qhov kev hnav khaub ncaws tsis kam ntawm cov khoom. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sim kev ua haujlwm tiv thaiv kev laus raug nqa tawm. Cov qauv raug muab tso rau hauv lub thawv sim kev laus thiab kev sim kev laus sai raug nqa tawm hauv qee qhov kub thiab txias, av noo thiab lub teeb kom pom cov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom hauv ib lub sijhawm, xws li kev hloov xim, kev hloov pauv hardness, kev hloov pauv lub zog, thiab lwm yam, kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tuaj yeem tswj hwm nws cov khoom siv lub cev thaum siv ntev.
Kev ruaj khov thiab kev sim tiv thaiv kev plam: Lub silicone duav pad raug sim rau kev ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw siv (xws li qhuav, ntub dej, du nto, thiab lwm yam), ua piv txwv ntau yam kev ua ntawm tus neeg siv ntawm cov khoom kom paub tseeb tias cov khoom yuav swb lossis txav. Piv txwv li, lub silicone duav pad raug muab tso rau ntawm lub hauv pem teb vuas du, thiab tus neeg siv zaum rau ntawm nws kom txav thiab kho qhov sawv me ntsis kom pom tias cov khoom puas tuaj yeem ruaj khov. Tib lub sijhawm, lub tshuab ntsuas kev sib txhuam coefficient siv los sim qhov kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev plam ntawm hauv qab ntawm silicone duav pad, thiab qhov sib txhuam coefficient ntawm nws thiab ntau qhov chaw sib cuag raug ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias hauv qab ntawm cov khoom muaj kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev plam txaus kom tiv thaiv tus neeg siv los ntawm kev plam lossis poob.
Kev ntsuam xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg:
Kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj lom neeg txwv: Ntxiv rau kev tshawb nrhiav cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom tiav hauv cov txheej txheem kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej ntxiv seb cov khoom puas yuav tso tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum siv tiag tiag hauv kev sim kev nyab xeeb. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav hauv lub duav silicone raug kuaj pom tseeb los ntawm cov kua chromatography ua haujlwm siab (HPLC) thiab lwm yam khoom siv kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau hnyav tso tawm yuav tsis tshaj qhov txwv kev nyab xeeb vim hnav thiab lwm yam laj thawj thaum siv cov khoom. Tib lub sijhawm, cov tshuaj lom neeg tsis zoo xws li cov xim carcinogenic thiab cov xim allergenic hauv cov khoom raug sim, thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshwj xeeb xws li UV-pom spectrophotometry siv los tshawb nrhiav seb cov khoom puas muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg no kom ntseeg tau tias kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv.
Kev kuaj pom cov pa roj volatile organic (VOC): Kev saib xyuas cov pa roj VOC ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone hauv qhov chaw siv tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, ib daim ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone muab tso rau hauv ib puag ncig sab hauv tsev, thiab lub tshuab ntsuas VOC uas nqa tau siv tau los kuaj thiab ntes cov huab cua nyob ib puag ncig cov khoom ntawm ntau lub sijhawm sib txawv los tshuaj xyuas seb nws cov pa roj VOC puas maj mam txo qis hauv lub sijhawm teev tseg thiab nyob hauv qhov chaw nyab xeeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom yuav tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau huab cua hauv tsev thiab kev noj qab haus huv tib neeg thaum siv mus sij hawm ntev.
Kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv raw zoo dua: Rov tshuaj xyuas qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv silicone raw ntawm theem ua tiav kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv raw tsis muaj kuab paug lossis muaj kev hloov pauv zoo thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom. Rov sim qhov huv, cov ntsiab lus tsis huv thiab lwm yam ntsuas ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab siv kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj lom neeg thiab cov txheej txheem kuaj lub cev, xws li infrared spectrometer (IR) los tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom siv raw, thiab cov txheej txheem lub cev xws li kev kuaj qhov ceev kom pom cov kev hloov pauv zoo hauv cov khoom siv raw, kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw ua tau raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb, thiab muab kev lees paub zoo rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.

4. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone feem ntau hauv khw

4.1 Kev sib piv ntawm cov qauv ntawm ntau hom lag luam
Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv kev siv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv silicone ntawm ntau hom lag luam hauv khw, thiab cov kev sib txawv no feem ntau pom hauv cov hauv qab no:
Kev siv cov qauv ib puag ncig: Qee lub npe nrov ua raws li cov qauv siab tshaj plaws hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, xws li EU REACH cov cai thiab OEKO-TEX® Standard 100, thiab lawv cov khoom lag luam qis dua qhov txwv ntawm cov khoom phom sij thiab VOC emissions. Piv txwv li, cov hlau hnyav ntawm lub silicone hip pad ntawm lub npe nrov thoob ntiaj teb tsuas yog 1/10 ntawm qhov txwv, thiab cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde yuav luag tsis pom. Qee lub npe me me lossis cov khoom lag luam pheej yig tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov qauv hauv tsev tsawg kawg nkaus, lossis txawm tias tshaj cov qauv. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv kuaj kev ua lag luam, cov hlau hnyav ntawm qee lub npe me me silicone hip pads tshaj tus qauv los ntawm 20%, thiab cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde tshaj tus qauv los ntawm 15%.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qauv kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev: Hais txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev, cov hom lag luam siab kawg tsom mus rau lub zog ntawm cov khoom, kev ruaj khov thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv kev plam. Piv txwv li, lub zog tensile ntawm lub hnab looj tes silicone siab kawg tuaj yeem ncav cuag 10 MPa, thiab nws tuaj yeem tiv taus 100,000 qhov kev sib txhuam yam tsis muaj kev hnav pom tseeb hauv kev sim tiv thaiv kev hnav, thiab kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev plam muaj qhov sib txhuam coefficient ntau dua 0.5 ntawm qhov chaw du. Qhov sib piv, lub zog tensile ntawm qee lub hnab looj tes silicone qis qis tsuas yog 3 MPa, thiab kev hnav pom tseeb tshwm sim tom qab 10,000 qhov kev sib txhuam hauv kev sim tiv thaiv kev hnav, thiab kev ua tau zoo tiv thaiv kev plam muaj qhov sib txhuam coefficient tsawg dua 0.3 ntawm qhov chaw du, uas yooj yim swb.
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov tshuaj:Cov hom lag luam zoomuaj kev nruj dua hauv kev yuav khoom siv raw thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom siv raw tsis muaj cov tshuaj lom neeg. Piv txwv li, cov ntsiab lus phthalate hauv cov khoom siv silicone raw uas siv los ntawm cov npe nrov yog qis dua qhov txwv tsis pub kuaj pom, thaum cov ntsiab lus phthalate hauv cov khoom siv raw ntawm qee lub npe me me tshaj qhov tus qauv los ntawm 30%. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov npe nrov tswj hwm kev siv cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom yuav tsis tso cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum siv, thaum qee lub npe me me tsis tshua muaj kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom, thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom nyuaj rau lav.

4.2 Kev nkag siab yuam kev ntawm cov neeg siv khoom
Thaum cov neeg siv khoom yuav cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, lawv feem ntau muaj qee qhov kev nkag siab yuam kev, uas yuav ua rau cov neeg siv khoom yuav cov khoom tsis zoo thiab cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev siv.
Kev nkag siab yuam kev txog tus nqi thiab qhov zoo: Ntau tus neeg siv khoom ntseeg tias cov khoom kim heev yuav tsum muaj qhov zoo, thaum cov khoom pheej yig tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txog kev lag luam qhia tau tias qee lub npe pheej yig kuj tuaj yeem ua tiav qib siab ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab txo cov nqi. Piv txwv li, lub npe pheej yig ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone siv cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo rau ib puag ncig thiab ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, thiab nws cov ntsiab lus tshuaj lom neeg thiab VOC emissions ob qho tib si qis dua qhov txwv, thiab cov khoom zoo sib xws rau cov npe kim heev. Txawm li cas los xij, qee lub npe kim heev muaj kev tshaj tawm cuav lossis kev siv cov qauv tsis zoo. Cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum tsis txhob siv tus nqi ua lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab thaum yuav khoom.
Kev nkag siab yuam kev txog cov cim pov thawj: Cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau ntseeg tias cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov cim pov thawj ib puag ncig yuav tsum muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab txhim khu kev qha. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee cov cim pov thawj cuav hauv khw. Piv txwv li, qee cov khoom siv silicone hip pad siv cov cim pov thawj OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 yam tsis tau kev tso cai, ua rau cov neeg siv khoom dag. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov tub ceev xwm tswj hwm, cov khoom siv silicone hip pad nrog cov cim pov thawj cuav suav txog 5% ntawm kev ua lag luam txhua xyoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee cov neeg siv khoom tsis nkag siab txaus txog lub ntsiab lus thiab cov qauv xav tau ntawm cov cim pov thawj, thiab tsis tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov tseeb seb cov khoom puas ua tau raws li cov qauv cuam tshuam.
Kev nkag siab yuam kev txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb: Qee tus neeg siv khoom them sai sai rau cov haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, xws li kev tiv thaiv kev xau thiab ua pa tau, thiab tsis quav ntsej txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom. Piv txwv li, qee cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone ua haujlwm tau zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv kev xau, tab sis muaj teeb meem nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab VOC emissions. Cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum xav txog kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom kom meej thaum yuav khoom, thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob tsuas yog tsom mus rau ib qho cim qhia kev ua tau zoo xwb.

5. Kev Txheeb Xyuas
Los ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav tob txog kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv silicone, peb tuaj yeem kos cov lus xaus hauv qab no:
5.1 Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig
Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov neeg siv khoom thiab kev nyab xeeb ib puag ncig. Cov qauv hauv tebchaws xws li GB / T 2912.1-2009, GB / T 17592-2011 thiab GB / T 18401-2010 muaj cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov cim qhia xws li cov ntsiab lus formaldehyde, cov xim azo txwv thiab cov ntsiab lus hlau hnyav, tshem tawm qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg rau tib neeg lub cev los ntawm qhov chaw. Cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb xws li EU REACH cov cai, Tebchaws Meskas ASTM F963 thiab OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 tau txhim kho ntxiv cov kev cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm cov khoom thiab ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone ua tau raws li cov qauv siab ntawm cov cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thoob ntiaj teb. Kev siv cov qauv no tsis yog tsuas yog txo cov pa phem ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg, tab sis kuj txhawb kev txhim kho kev lag luam ruaj khov, muab rau cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev xaiv cov khoom muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab zoo dua rau ib puag ncig.
5.2 Kev ua tiav ntawm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb
Cov qauv kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone npog ob qho tseem ceeb: cov khoom siv lub cev thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw. Hais txog cov khoom siv lub cev, cov kev cai nruj ntawm cov ntsuas xws li qhov loj me thiab cov duab, lub zog thiab kev ruaj khov, kev ruaj khov thiab tiv thaiv kev plam ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom thaum siv ib txwm thiab zam kev raug mob los ntawm kev tsim khoom lossis qhov tsis zoo. Hais txog cov tshuaj lom neeg sib xyaw, kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg txwv, cov pa phem volatile organic (VOC) thiab cov khoom siv raw zoo ntxiv ua kom muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv. Kev ua tiav thiab kev nruj ntawm cov qauv kev nyab xeeb no muab rau cov neeg siv khoom nrog kev tiv thaiv txhua yam thiab xyuas kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone thaum siv.
5.3 Kev nruj ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas zoo
Kev tshuaj xyuas zoo ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yog qhov txuas tseem ceeb kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom ua tau raws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv raw, kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem ntau lawm, kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom tiav, daim ntawv pov thawj thiab daim ntawv lo, thiab lwm yam. Los ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas ntau txheej, nws ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov khoom tsis muaj kuab paug los ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thaum lub sijhawm tsim khoom thiab thaum kawg ua tau raws li cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj. Kev sim kev ua haujlwm kev nyab xeeb suav nrog kev sim kev ua haujlwm lub cev thiab kev sim tshuaj lom neeg. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem sim meej thiab cov qauv xeem nruj, ntau yam ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom raug soj ntsuam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm cov khoom siv tiag tiag. Cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas zoo thiab cov txheej txheem no muab rau cov neeg siv khoom nrog cov khoom lag luam zoo txhim khu kev qha.
5.4 Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Cov Neeg Siv Khoom
Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov qauv kev siv ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone ntawm ntau hom lag luam hauv khw. Qee lub npe nrov ua raws li cov qauv siab tshaj plaws hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, thiab lawv cov khoom lag luam qis dua qhov txwv ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg thiab VOC emissions, thaum qee lub npe me me lossis cov khoom lag luam pheej yig tsuas yog ua tau raws li cov qauv hauv tsev tsawg kawg nkaus, lossis txawm tias tshaj cov qauv. Cov neeg siv khoom feem ntau muaj kev nkag siab yuam kev thaum yuav khoom, xws li kev nkag siab yuam kev txog tus nqi thiab qhov zoo, kev nkag siab yuam kev txog daim ntawv pov thawj, thiab kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb. Cov kev nkag siab yuam kev no yuav ua rau cov neeg siv khoom yuav cov khoom uas tsis ua tau raws li cov qauv thiab cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb. Yog li ntawd, thaum yuav cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone, cov neeg siv khoom yuav tsum xav txog cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom thiab xaiv cov npe thiab cov khoom lag luam uas ua tau raws li cov qauv nruj kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm lawv tus kheej thiab lawv tsev neeg.
Hauv kev xaus, cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom cov khoom zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom. Cov qauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj, cov qauv kev nyab xeeb dav dav, cov txheej txheem tshuaj xyuas zoo nruj, thiab kev nkag siab tob txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab kev xav ntawm cov neeg siv khoom ua ke ua rau muaj kev ua tiav rau kev lees paub zoo ntawm cov ntaub qhwv caj dab silicone. Yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov qauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev txhim kho maj mam ntawm kev paub ntawm cov neeg siv khoom, kev ua lag luam silicone ntaub qhwv caj dab yuav txhim kho mus rau hauv kev noj qab haus huv zoo dua, tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb dua.